Zika Virus
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Summary
Zika is a virus that is spread mostly by mosquitoes. A pregnant mother can pass it to her baby during pregnancy or around the time of birth. It can spread through sexual contact. There have also been reports that the virus has spread through blood transfusions. There have been outbreaks of Zika virus in the United States, Africa, Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, parts of the Caribbean, and Central and South America.
Most people who get the virus do not get sick. One in five people do get symptoms, which can include a fever, rash, joint pain, and conjunctivitis (pinkeye). Symptoms are usually mild, and start 2 to 7 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito.
A blood test can tell whether you have the infection. There are no vaccines or medicines to treat it. Drinking lots of fluids, resting, and taking acetaminophen might help.
Zika can cause microcephaly (a serious birth defect of the brain) and other problems in babies whose mothers were infected while pregnant. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that pregnant women do not travel to areas where there is a Zika virus outbreak. If you do decide to travel, first talk to your doctor. You should also be careful to prevent mosquito bites:
- Use insect repellent
- Wear clothes that cover your arms, legs, and feet
- Stay in places that have air conditioning or that use window and door screens
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Symptoms
- Symptoms of Zika (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
Diagnosis and Tests
- What Happens When I Am Tested for Zika and When Will I Get My Results?(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) – PDF
Prevention and Risk Factors
- Help Control Mosquitoes that Spread Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika Viruses(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) – PDFAlso in Spanish
- Mosquito Bite Prevention For Travelers (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) – PDFAlso in Spanish
- Zika and Sexual Transmission (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
Treatments and Therapies
- Zika Treatment (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
Related Issues
- CDC’s Response to Zika: Enjoy Your Vacation
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) – PDFAlso in Spanish
- Microcephaly and Other Birth Defects: Zika (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
- Plan for Travel: Before, During and After (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
- Zika and Guillain-Barré Syndrome (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
- Zika Travel Information (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
Specifics
- Dispelling Rumours Around Zika and Complications (World Health Organization)
Videos and Tutorials
- Zika Virus and Pregnancy
(American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
Statistics and Research
- Areas with Zika (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- Zika Virus
(National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases)
- Zika Virus: Protecting Pregnant Women and Babies (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
Clinical Trials
- ClinicalTrials.gov: Zika Virus
(National Institutes of Health)
Journal Articles
References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)
Children
- Fact Sheet: What Parents Need to Know About Zika Virus (Administration for Children and Families)
Men
- For Men: A Positive Zika Virus Test, What Does It Mean for Me?(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) – PDF
Women
- 5 Things to Know About Zika and Pregnancy (Nemours Foundation)Also in Spanish
Patient Handouts
- Zika virus disease (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish